Fair Use

the policy behind the breakthroughs

This time-tested doctrine is powering AI’s access to the data that accelerates scientific and medical breakthroughs, drives innovations that support economic growth, strengthens U.S. leadership, and unlocks discoveries that improve lives.

The fundamentals of fair use

How fair use helps fuel American innovation

Fair use allows the use of copyrighted material without permission or payment when it serves a new, transformational purpose — not as a substitute for the original work — enabling the development of new technologies that serve the public good.

1

Accelerates breakthroughs

Fair use enables AI to learn from diverse information and generate new insights — accelerating breakthroughs in fields like medical research, drug development, farming technology, and energy production.

2

Drives U.S. economic 
growth & innovation

Copyright law encourages the innovations that fuel economic growth and keep America ahead in the tech race. Today, fair use is enabling AI to boost productivity, spark new industries, and create opportunities across the entire economy.

3

Helps the U.S. win
the global AI race

Countries like China benefit from fewer constraints, moving rapidly to advance their AI industry. Fair use is essential to safeguarding U.S. national security through our technology sector’s competitiveness and shaping global AI standards rooted in American values. 

4

Creates a level playing field

By allowing smaller firms and startups to access the data they need to innovate freely, fair use strengthens the tech ecosystem, and ensures that progress is shaped by many voices — not just a few dominant players.

Why fair use matters

Fair use is a core tenet of U.S. copyright law and is essential to how we build on existing ideas to create something entirely new. The doctrine draws a clear line between protected creative expression and the facts that fuel learning, support research, and foster discovery.

Trailblazing 
innovation

Fair use advances knowledge and innovation by protecting intellectual property rights while fostering society’s access to existing works.

More on copyright law principles

Sustaining creative expression

The fair use doctrine protects creative expression, not facts, ideas or patterns — the elements used to train AI models.

Download the fair use fact sheet

Building effective AI tools

Providing a long-standing, durable framework that allows AI models to learn from a variety of sources, fair use ensures AI tools are better equipped to benefit society.

Explore how AI impacts industries